Education in Colonial America
Dickson A. Mungazi, author of The Evolution of Educational Theory in the United States, placed a vast amount of weight on the importance of education. He claimed, "There is no better way to understand a society's assessment of its own success or failure than an examination of its theories of education."
For colonial America, this sentiment regarding education took some time to establish itself. Schools began remarkably informally and the scope of intellectual curiosity remained quite narrow. Throughout the 17th century and for much of the 18th century, American schooling focused nearly exclusively on Christianity and the Scriptures, something that can be greatly attributed to the Great Awakening of the 1740s. As R.C. Simmons writes, the "ideal graduate was someone like Jonathan Edwards - clergyman, theologian and minor philosopher."
But as new intellectual ideas and theories came across the Atlantic alongside the vast amount of immigrants, many of whom were well-educated, education and schooling began to drastically alter. Certainly, it remained connected with the church, but under the influence of men like Nathaniel Bacon and Benjamin Franklin, schooling began to expand in its goals.
An examination of the foundations of American schools and philosophies on education provides one with an incredible background when examining education today. Moreover, and perhaps most importantly, it offers us a glimpse into the principles upon which America was founded. If one agrees with professor Mungazi, education truly does speak volumes about a culture and society as a whole.
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